What type of government leads Egypt?
Egypt has a presidential system of government led by Abdel Fattah al-Sissi since 2014. The president holds the main executive powers in this semi-presidential republic where the National Assembly exercises legislative power.
Egyptian Political System
Egypt operates under a presidential regime where the head of state combines the functions of president of the republic and head of government. The president is elected by direct universal suffrage for a six-year term, renewable once.
Recent Political Developments
The Egyptian political landscape has undergone profound transformations since 2011:
- 2011: Arab Spring revolution and removal of Hosni Mubarak after 30 years in power
- 2012-2013: Presidency of Mohamed Morsi, the first democratically elected president
- 2013: Military coup and removal of Morsi
- 2014 to present: Abdel Fattah al-Sissi in power
Institutional Structure
The system includes a unicameral parliament (House of Representatives) of 596 members elected for five years, but presidential prerogatives remain predominant in the country's governance.