What language is spoken in Mozambique?
Portuguese is the official language of Mozambique. However, more than 40 local languages are spoken daily depending on the region, notably Makua, Tsonga, and Sena.
Portuguese, official language
The Portuguese language has been the official language of Mozambique since independence in 1975. It is the language of administration, education, and national media. Approximately 50% of the population understands and speaks it at different levels.
Major local languages
More than 40 Bantu languages coexist across Mozambican territory:
- Makua: spoken mainly in the north (Nampula and Cabo Delgado provinces)
- Tsonga: widespread in the south, particularly around Maputo
- Sena: used in the central region, Zambezi valley
- Ndau: present in Sofala and Manica provinces
- Maconde: spoken in the north, near the Tanzanian border
Practical communication for travelers
In tourist and urban areas, Portuguese is generally sufficient. English is understood in some hotels and tourist establishments. Knowing a few words of Portuguese greatly facilitates exchanges with Mozambicans.